Endoscopic discectomy is a minimally invasive procedure to remove or reshape a herniated disc that is pressing on a spinal nerve. Through a small incision and an endoscopic portal, the surgeon reaches the disc under HD visualisation and relieves nerve compression while sparing surrounding muscle and soft tissue.
When is endoscopic discectomy considered?
It is typically considered for a symptomatic disc herniation causing leg pain (sciatica) or arm pain that has not settled with reasonable non-surgical care, or when there are neurological signs such as weakness that warrant earlier intervention. Suitability is confirmed by clinical examination and MRI.
The procedure step-by-step
Under anaesthesia and X-ray guidance, a small portal is placed close to the compressed nerve. The endoscope is introduced and the offending disc fragment is removed with fine instruments. Nerve decompression is confirmed on the monitor before the incision — usually less than a centimetre — is closed.
Benefits and considerations
Compared with conventional open discectomy, the endoscopic approach spares more muscle, tends to involve less blood loss and, for the right patient, allows an earlier return to normal activity. It is not, however, universally appropriate — some disc problems are better treated with microscopic or open techniques. Each plan is individualised.
Recovery
Most patients are mobilised within a few hours and often discharged the same or next day. A staged plan of gentle walking, posture and ergonomic care is provided, along with clear guidance on when to resume driving, exercise and work. A follow-up review confirms progress.